But can also marginalize them, isolating them from lucrative markets and making them unviable economic units. Trends, constraints and opportunities 1 adeleke salami, abdul b. The spread of mobile technology, remotesensing data, and distributed computing and storage capabilities are opening new opportunities to integrate smallholder farmers into the broader agrifood system. First of all, ethiopian solutions must be thought of by ethiopians. Climate change challenges, smallholder commercialization and.
Case studies from ethiopia, peru, tanzania, and zambia 117 introduction 117 cases 118. Morton natural resources institute, university of greenwich, kent me4 4tb, united kingdom edited by william. The land issue in ethiopia rural land is both an economic and a politicalsocial question in the presentday ethiopia. In this regard commercializing smallholder agriculture is an indispensable pathway towards economic growth and development of ethiopian farmers in their progress out of poverty. Relying on unique data from a largescale survey of producers of teff, the most widely grown cereal in ethiopia, we find considerable positive labor productivity effects of herbicide use of between 9 and 18 per cent. Correlation matrix of different criteria used in definitions of smallholder farm households in ethiopia, nigeria, and tanzania ethiopia 20152016 tanzania 20142015 nigeria 20152016 livestock holding tlu 0. Pdf smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change and. Tanzanias deputy permanent secretary, ministry of agriculture, food security and cooperatives, confirmed that the projects research and dialogue. Some argue that rural residents have increasingly become moreorless equally poor. Anne marie nyamu, editorial, publishing and training consultant. Climate change challenges, smallholder commercialization. Productivity, credit, risk, and the demand for weather.
According to the central statistical agency of ethiopia 1 and the world bank group 2, 85% of the ethiopian workforce. Smallholder commercialization and commercial farming in. Ifads loans support programmes that provide smallholder farmers, pastoralists and agropastoralists with the assets needed to enhance their productivity and resilience. Technical efficiency of irrigated and rainfed smallholder agriculture in tigray, ethiopia 205 quarterly journal of international agriculture 51 2012, no. The majority of farmers in ethiopia are smallholder farms, producing mostly. We use crosssectional survey data collected from ethiopia and tanzania. I think ethiopia has that much better than many other countries. Smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change and. The agencys mandate is focused solely on improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers across the country. Correlation matrix of different criteria used in definitions of smallholder farm households in ethiopia, nigeria, and tanzania ethiopia 20152016 tanzania 20142015 nigeria 20152016 livestock. In latin american countries, smallholder farms often tend to. Training of agricultural value chain concepts for university. The future of ethiopias agriculture monday, 21 december 2015 09. Productivity, credit, risk, and the demand for weather index insurance in smallholder agriculture in ethiopia craig mcintosha.
The future of work for smallholder farmers in ethiopia government. Given these facts on the ground, ethiopia has been implementing a number of policies and strategies to bring structural. Authors like holt and rahmato 1997 mention that the land tenure system, through its egalitarianism of land division policy and impeding longterm migration, has. The business of smallholder agriculture in subsaharan africa issue 5. This study investigated how smallholder farmers perceive climate change, what adaptation strategies they practice, and factors that influence their adaptation decisions. In ethiopia, smallholder agriculture has long history as a major economic activity. The agricultural sector remains the main source of livelihoods for rural communities in ethiopia, but faces the challenge of changing climate. Ministry of agriculture, food security and cooperatives, with approximately 420,000 members. According to mekonen and karelplein 2014 adoption of improved seeds and chemical fertilizer alone will increase crop productivity by 7.
Pdf ethiopia is an ancient country with unparalleled history. However, much of this growth has resulted from area expansion rather than increased yield. African journal of agricultural research full length research paper agricultural technology adoption and its impact on smallholder farmers welfare in ethiopia workineh ayenew1, tayech lakew2 and ehite haile kristos1 1department of economics, college of business and economics, debrebirhan university, p. This view identifies the low level of agricultural productivity as the key problem and the solution that follows is to find ways to enhance productivity. The usaid ethiopia agriculture knowledge, learning, documentation and policy akldp project gave financial support to undertake the evaluation and prepare this report. Productivity, credit, risk, and the demand for weather index.
The number of smallholder rice producers in the country for 2010 is estimated to be 64,886. This view identifies the low level of agricultural productivity as the key problem and the solution that follows is to. Land, land policy and smallholder agriculture in ethiopia. Technical efficiency of irrigated and rainfed smallholder agriculture in tigray, ethiopia. Ethiopia is among the countries in this region where agriculture plays a vital role in the economy. It is based on a unique dataset specific to smallscale agriculture, the smallholder farmer s dataportrait, which is being developed at fao. Assessing the impact of commodity development projects on smallholder. Kamara, zuzana brixiova are research economist, research division manager and. To link to this object, paste this link in email, im or document to embed this object, paste this html in website. If you have all these things together, it is a model for success.
Smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change and determinants of their adaptation decisions in the central rift valley of ethiopia abrham belay1, john w. Bokaa a visiting research fellow, macroeconomics policy, forecasting and research department. It has introduced and practiced agriculture no later than the first. The impact of climate change on smallholder and subsistence. In british english usage, a smallholding is a piece of land and its adjacent living quarters for the smallholder and stabling for farm animals.
Share of total agricultural land and value production of smallholder versus largeholder farm households, as implied by various landbased definitions absolute vs relative threshold 10. Climate change challenges, smallholder commercialization and progress out poverty in ethiopia gutu t. In ethiopia, smallholder agriculture is the main source of food. This years africa agriculture status report aasr is particularly close to my heart, as it speaks to an issue that i have passionately advocated for all my professional life. The agencys mandate is focused solely on improving. This report contributes to this debate by providing evidence on the strengths and weaknesses of smallholder farmers. This sector was sharing about 96% of total crop production in 2012 mofed, 2014. The overall objective was to determine how smallholder farmers could obtain the maximum net value from their total farm enterprise system. Highlights we examine the impact of improved agricultural technologies on household welfare. This paper attempts to examine the feasibility of the proposition at the microlevel, in terms of the household, and at the. Increasing productivity in smallholder agriculture is governments top priority, recognising the importance of the smallholder subsector, the high prevalence of rural poverty and the large productivity gap. Dec 21, 2015 the future of ethiopias agriculture monday, 21 december 2015 09. Smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change in zenzelima, ethiopia a case study of female and male farmers perception of and ability to adapt to climate change in zenzelima, ethiopia. In ethiopia, ifad supports rural people in raising their incomes and improving food security, as well as increasing their contribution to the countrys economic development.
About 85% of its population live in rural areas and depend on agriculture for necessities and as a source of employment. Furthermore, land scarcity due to population pressure makes the expansion of agricultural land increasingly difficult, leading to small landholdings in densely. Furthermore, productivity is essentially regarded as a technicaltechnological problem. Socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder rice production. Adoption of herbicides by ethiopian smallholders has grown rapidly, with application on cereals doubling to more than a quarter of the area under cereals between 2004 and 2014. The debate on the specific role of this sector remains much debated. Intensification of smallholder agriculture in ethiopia. Smallholder solar pumpbased irrigation in ethiopia miriam otoo, nicole lefore, petra schmitter, jennie barron and gebrehaweria gebregziabher 172. Given these facts on the ground, ethiopia has been implementing a number of policies and strategies to bring structural transformation in the productivity of the smallholder agriculture and to move towards market oriented business. A comparative stochastic frontier production function analysis. In zimbabwe, horrell and krishnan 2007 find lower yields for households of. As a country becomes more affluent, smallholdings may not be selfsufficient but are valued primarily for the rural lifestyle that they provide for the owners, who often do not earn their livelihood from the farm. The insertion of the issue of land in the ethiopian constitution in the early 1990s, however, may indicate that rural land has increasingly become a political affair. The impact of climate change on smallholder and subsistence agriculture john f.
The impact of agricultural cooperatives membership on the. The article explores the relationship between fertilizer use and the demand for weather index insurance wii among smallholder farmers in ethiopia. Ethiopia food and agriculture organization of the united nations. Currently, the country is estimated to have more than 5000 mfi. The country received 795 thousand metric tonnes of food aid annually between 1990 and 1999, about 10% of total domestic grain production. In recent years, agricultural growth in ghana has been positive overall. Assessing the impact of commodity development projects on smallholder participation in agricultural markets. The ata is a strategy and delivery oriented government agency created to help accelerate the growth and transformation of ethiopias agriculture sector.
Productivity and efficiency of smallholder teff farmers in. Determinants of livelihood diversification strategies. Jan 11, 2018 africas growth lies with smallholder farmers january 11, 2018 by agra 0 as the worlds population surges towards 9 billion by midcentury, food production has failed to keep pace, creating rising food shortages and a global food crisis ahead, according to the united nations. There is a supposed conflict between smallholder farming versus large scale farming. Improving ethiopian smallholders income and food security iiasa. This result shows that rice farming in ethiopia, like most agricultural activities, is households engaged in. Should rural development strategies depend on smallholder farms to make a significant.
Commercialization of smallholder farms is now viewed by the government as the focal point to the agricultural development of the country. Pdf smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change. About 67 percent of the small family farms in ethiopia live below the national poverty line. Today, ethiopia is the worlds most food aid dependent country.
Impact of modern agricultural technologies on smallholder. Smallholdings are usually farms supporting a single family with a mixture of cash crops and subsistence farming. The agricultural sector remains the main source of livelihoods for rural communities in ethiopia, but. It is based on a unique dataset specific to smallscale agriculture, the smallholder farmer s. Recent experience of the smallholder intensification program ethiopia began transforming its agriculture in the mid1990s after the eprdfled government formulated a development strategy. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study, and a multinomial logit. Smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change in. The rapid expansion of herbicide use in smallholder. Climate smart agriculture country profiles for africa series research pdf available.
Africas growth lies with smallholder farmers january 11, 2018 by agra 0 as the worlds population surges towards 9 billion by midcentury, food production has failed to keep pace, creating. This report contributes to this debate by providing evidence on. Pdf on apr 1, 2008, samuel gebreselassie and others published commercialisation of smallholder agriculture in selected tefgrowing areas of ethiopia. Agricultural technology adoption and its impact on. Understanding the smallholder farmer in south africa. Pdf commercialisation of smallholder agriculture in selected tef. Commercialization of smallholder agriculture in ethiopiagebreab. Food sustainability and the role of smallholder farmers. Bernhard freyer senior scientist dvm phd mette vaarst anne skambraks registration number.
Acknowledgements digital development for feed the future is a collaboration between the global development lab and the bureau. An analysis of constraints facing smallholder farmers in. Today, the impact of climate change and the associated increase in the number and severity of extreme weather events has made agriculture riskier than ever. Commercialization of smallholder agriculture in ethiopia commercialization of smallholder farms is now viewed by the government as the focal point to the agricultural development of the country. Technical efficiency of irrigated and rainfed smallholder. Smallholder farmers adaptation to climate change and determinants of their adaptation decisions in the central rift valley of ethiopia article pdf available in agriculture and food security 6. Do you think farming has to be one way or the other for ethiopia to increase its agricultural. Commercialization of smallholder agriculture in ethiopia. There are relatively few direct linkages between smallholder farmers and. This study aims to analyze longterm changes to the agricultural sector and its consequences for the evolution of smallholder farmers under various policy. Its genesis can be found in the diverse livelihood strategies of indigenous. Linear programmingbased cropland allocation to enhance. Food aid and smallholder agriculture in ethiopia ethiopia has been structurally in food defi cit since at least 1980. Ethiopias crop agriculture is complex, involving substantial variation in crops.
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